US Library > Sonography > Echocardiography > Basic Echocardiography Techniques

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Basic Echocardiography Techniques

Sonography > Echocardiography

Materials Included:

Text
Video
Anatomy
Simulation
Quiz

This module provides an introduction to echocardiography and teaches you the basic techniques required to begin echocardiographic examination of the heart.

Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is the most commonly performed cardiac ultrasound examination. This module provides an introduction to echocardiography and teaches you the basic techniques required to begin echocardiographic examination of the heart. The interactive simulator provides three scan scenarios that cover different situations you might encounter in the clinical environment. Online simulations enable students and practitioners to build or refresh knowledge and cognitive skills, and offer a safe practice environment so you can prepare for the real clinical world. Simulations also give you the opportunity to try out procedures that you might not otherwise experience. This module is ideal if you are studying for the American Registry for Diagnostic Medical Sonography (ARDMS) registry exams.

You’ll learn

typical protocols for transthoracic echocardiography
appropriate patient positioning and breathing techniques for cardiac ultrasound examinations
to identify and obtain suitable echocardiographic views
how 2D imaging (B-mode), M-mode and Doppler ultrasound are used to assess the heart
to practice, perfect and test your skills in performing an echocardiographic assessment of the heart
to better visualize and understand the anatomy and physiology of the heart and important cardiac landmarks, with our 3D model and illustrations
how to measure structures on ultrasound images
how to identify on images the signs and symptoms of cardiac disease
much more (see “Content Details” for more specific information).

Step 1 - Anatomical overview

Step 1.1 - Orientation

Step 1.1.1 - Anatomic directions

Step 1.1.2 - Scanning planes

Step 1.1.3 - On-screen orientation

Step 1.2 - Cross-sectional anatomy of the heart

Step 1.3 - Anatomical landmarks

Step 1.3.1 - Thoracic landmarks

Step 1.3.2 - Cardiac landmarks

Step 1.4 - Scanning windows

Step 2 - Introduction to echocardiography

Step 2.1 - Basic cardiac physiology

Step 2.2 - Signs and symptoms of cardiac disease

Step 2.3 - Types of echocardiography (TTE, TEE, Stress echo)

Step 2.3.1 - Transthoracic echocardiography

Step 2.3.2 - Transesophageal echocardiography

Step 2.3.3 - Stress echocardiography

Step 3 - Preprocedure considerations

Step 3.1 - Patient preparation

Step 3.2 - History

Step 3.3 - Patient position

Step 3.4 - Equipment

Step 4 - Basic techniques

Step 4.1 - Transducer selection

Step 4.2 - Transducer manipulation

Step 4.2.1 - Sweeping

Step 4.2.2 - Rotating

Step 4.2.3 - Rocking

Step 4.3 - Transducer pressure

Step 4.4 - Transmission gel

Step 4.5 - Breathing

Step 5 - Two-dimensional imaging

Step 5.1 - Image optimization

Step 5.1.1 - Sector size

Step 5.1.2 - Focal zones

Step 5.1.3 - Time gain compensation

Step 5.1.4 - Lateral gain compensation

Step 5.1.5 - Zoom

Step 5.1.6 - Gain

Step 5.1.7 - Dynamic range

Step 5.1.8 - Harmonics imaging

Step 6 - M-mode

Step 6.1 - Image optimization

Step 6.1.1 - Cursor alignment

Step 6.1.2 - Sweep speed

Step 6.1.3 - Gain

Step 7 - Doppler

Step 7.1 - Principles of Doppler ultrasound

Step 7.1.1 - Spectral Doppler

Step 7.1.2 - Color Doppler

Step 8 - Standard echocardiography procedure

Step 8.1 - Protocol

Step 8.2 - Annotation

Step 9 - 2D (B-mode) imaging

Step 9.1 - Parasternal long axis

Step 9.2 - Parasternal survey scan

Step 9.3 - Parasternal short axis views

Step 9.4 - Apical views

Step 9.4.1 - Apical four-chamber view

Step 9.4.2 - Apical five-chamber view

Step 9.4.3 - Apical two-chamber view

Step 9.4.4 - Apical long axis view

Step 9.5 - Subcostal views

Step 9.5.1 - Subcostal four-chamber view

Step 9.5.2 - Subcostal interatrial septal view

Step 9.5.3 - Subcostal view

Step 9.5.4 - Subcostal descending aorta view

Step 9.6 - Suprasternal views

Step 9.7 - Measurement

Step 9.7.1 - Example of 2D measurement in parasternal long axis view

Step 10 - M-mode

Step 10.1 - M-mode parasternal long axis

Step 10.1.1 - M-mode images of the right and left ventricles

Step 10.1.2 - M-mode images of the mitral valve

Step 10.1.3 - M-mode images of the aortic root and the left atrium

Step 10.2 - Parasternal short axis M-mode

Step 11 - Postprocedure considerations

Step 11.1 - Integration of test results with clinical findings

Step 11.2 - Patient

Step 11.3 - Preliminary report

Step 12 - Professional considerations

Step 12.1 - Ergonomics

Step 12.2 - Professional involvement

Define and explain ultrasound terminology
Identify orientation on the ultrasound image
Identify and obtain echocardiographic views
Identify cardiac landmarks
Describe the reason for, and demonstrate, patient positioning for cardiac ultrasound examinations
Manipulate the transducer in various planes
Describe patient breathing techniques in order to obtain optimum images and explain the reason for the techniques
Describe the technique for measuring structures on ultrasound images
Write a technical impression using a standard format
Demonstrate and describe methods for preventing musculoskeletal injury
Explain the importance of belonging to a professional organization

The SIMTICS modules are all easy to use and web-based. This means they are available at any time as long as the learner has an internet connection. No special hardware or other equipment is required, other than a computer mouse for use in the simulations. Each of the SIMTICS modules covers one specific procedure or topic in detail. Each module contains:

an online simulation (available in Learn and Test modes)
descriptive text, which explains exactly how to perform that particular procedure including key terms and hyperlinks to references
2D images and a 3D model of applied anatomy for that particular topic
a step by step video demonstration by an expert
a quiz
a personal logbook that keeps track of all the modules the learner has studied and how long

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US Library > Sonography > Echocardiography > Basic Echocardiography Techniques

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Basic Echocardiography Techniques

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